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Linear motion (also called rectilinear motion〔Resnick, Robert and Halliday, David (1966), ''Physics'', Section 3-4〕) is a motion along a straight line, and can therefore be described mathematically using only one spatial dimension. The linear motion can be of two types: uniform linear motion with constant velocity or zero acceleration; non uniform linear motion with variable velocity or non-zero acceleration. The motion of a particle (a point-like object) along a line can be described by its position , which varies with (time). An example of linear motion is an athlete running 100m along a straight track. Linear motion is the most basic of all motion. According to Newton's first law of motion, objects that do not experience any net force will continue to move in a straight line with a constant velocity until they are subjected to a net force. Under everyday circumstances, external forces such as gravity and friction can cause an object to change the direction of its motion, so that its motion cannot be described as linear.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Motion Control Resource Info Center )〕 One may compare linear motion to general motion. In general motion, a particle's position and velocity are described by vectors, which have a magnitude and direction. In linear motion, the directions of all the vectors describing the system are equal and constant which means the objects move along the same axis and do not change direction. The analysis of such systems may therefore be simplified by neglecting the direction components of the vectors involved and dealing only with the magnitude.〔 Neglecting the rotation and other motions of the Earth, an example of linear motion is the ball thrown straight up and falling back straight down. ==Displacement== (詳細はdistance traveled by an object in particular direction is the same as displacement. The SI unit of displacement is the metre. If is the initial position of an object and is the final position, then mathematically the displacement is given by: The equivalent of displacement in rotational motion is the angular displacement measured in radian. The displacement of an object cannot be greater than the distance. Consider a person travelling to work daily. Overall displacement when he returns home is zero, since the person ends up back where he started, but the distance travelled is clearly not zero. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「linear motion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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